The American Revolution-Eight Long Years - 852 Words

The American Revolution, also known as the American Revolutionary War and the War of Independence, lasted from 1775 to 1783. It stemmed from growing tensions between England’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government representing England, as well as cost sharing imposed on English colonies by successive governments in London for debts attributed to former wars (Foner, 2012). The â€Å"cost sharing† encompassed a variety of measures including taxation on goods produced in the colonies, efforts to stem widespread smuggling and â€Å"The Stamp Act† of 1765 requiring a stamp on all printed material. This act managed to insult every free colonist, but was particularly resented by those who wrote, published and read books and newspapers†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, the remoteness of the 13 colonies located across the Atlantic, placed a great strain in time and distance on England, which expended a great amount of time, energy and money fe rrying soldiers, munitions and supplies across the ocean. The American Revolution provided another reality and difference for the colonials; they were fighting for their homeland, whereas the British were fighting on foreign ground far away from their motherland. This overall contributed to staunch support for the war on the American side to the end and an ever crumbling of support for the war on the English side. French and Spanish Interests As cited by Foner (2012) several tactical shortfalls by the British led to the American forces achieving a strategic victory at Saratoga, which provide a substantial boost to American morale and was seeing as the turning point of the war. During the summer of 1777, General John Burgoyne and his forces marched south from Canada in an effort to link up with Sir William Howe and his forces and attempt to separate New England. Unfortunately, Howe moved his forces from New York City to Philadelphia, unintentionally abandoning General Burgoyne, a strategic â€Å"faux pas†, which led to a victorious effort by the American troops. The American triumph at Saratoga prompted France (which had been secretly aiding the colonists sinceShow MoreRelatedHistory And History Of Haiti810 Words   |  4 Pageswhere Haiti was ignored and downplayed as an important event of the Age of Revolutions. It has the uncomfortable feature of the abolition of slavery in a constitution by non-Europeans which needs to be united with the period it not only influenced but was influenced. The historiography of Haiti with respect to the Atlantic Revolutions has been one of a gradual acceptance with a few exceptions. In the United, the Haitian Revolution posed a problem for not only the slave owner but the government. PresidentRead MoreComparative Essay On The American And French Revolutions1486 Words   |  6 Pages3.1 Short Paper: Comparative Essay on the American and French Revolutions 1.) Why does the United States come out its revolution with a republic instead of a monarchy? Why do the French wind up with an Emperor Napoleon but the United States does not have a King George of the House of Washington? There are moments in our history where the citizens of the world stand up and for their beliefs, their honor, and themselves. They come together to reform the existing government that is holding themRead MoreGeorge Washington : Man, Myth, Legend Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pageslife, and his education. The second section’s subtopics will consist of the hardships and prospering of the American Revolution, the major battles of the American Revolution that George Washington was a major part of, and his presidency. And finally, the three subtopics used in the third section will be the aftermath of the American Revolution, Strategies used in the American Revolution, and how he influenced the style of government for the United States and many different parts of our modern worldRead MoreWhat Were The Causes of The Downfall of Louis XVI- Is he fully responsible for his own downfall?1688 Words   |  7 PagesAs the tragic events of the French Revolution unfolded, King Louis XVI of France soon found himself in the centre of it and gradually became one of the victims. In the morning of Tuesday 21st January 1793, he was woken by his guards and taken to Place de la Revolution. My people, I die an innocent man were his last words to the crowd, and moments later, his head was held up to the crowd . However, what caused the end of monarchy? Was Louis XVI completely responsible for his own downfall? ThereRead MoreSpanish Colonization Of North America993 Words   |  4 PagesAztecs, Mayans, and Incas. These Spanish conquistadors, who were poverty-stricken nobles predominantly from the west and south of Spain, were then awarded encomiendas, land grants that included the right to force native populations into slavery as long as the convert them to Christianity (Shmoop Editorial Team, 2008). The Spanish Monarchy governed North America using viceroyalties and audencias, royal mediation courts. The church also played a part in governing the New World and large areas likeRead MoreWar And Religion Has Impacted America1208 Words   |  5 Pageshow world war two has impacted united states. It gives many reasons how world war two has impacted citizens. It was the end of fascism and the end of the holocaust. The U.S. dropped two atomic bombs on Japan to end the war. Over sixteen million americans served in the war. These citizens affected the civil rights and women working. It also affected where and how people live their lives. The civil rights movement began to play a big role after world war two. First sit-ins began in 1942 to show thatRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution and the Deterioration of the Traditional Family 1216 Words   |  5 PagesThose who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God (Jefferson 1). These words helped shape America for the next hundred years. American families worked hard on their agricultural properties reaping the rewards of the American dream. Then, in the late nineteenth century, the United States of America was hit by the worldwide phenomenon known as the Industrial Revolution, and the U.S. was transformed into an industrial colossus. The vast lands of America made abundant resources available to thoseRead MoreThe American Revolution And The War Of Independence999 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Revolution, also known as the U.S. War of Independence, goes back to 1765-1783. One of the major effects of the American Revolution was that the colonies became recognized as independent. It was now separated from Great Britain. France joined in and became our allies and helped the colonies in 1778. Since France joined the war, they turned a civil war into an international war. There were a lot of causes that led up to the beginning and the end of the war. There was a lot of causes thatRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence, By Edmund Burke, John Locke, And Alexis De Tocqueville964 Words   |  4 PagesEdmund Burke, John Locke, and Alexis de Tocqueville. While it is a fact that Edmund Burke’s thoughts on rebellion had not been known at the time of the American Revolution, his ideology is actually mentioned in the Declaration of Independence, which was written fourteen years before his Reflections On the Revolution In France. (Perhaps the American Framers were ahead of their time.) In the beginning of the Declaration of Independence, the Founding Fathers lightly touch upon the ideas of Burke andRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution And Latin America1609 Words   |  7 PagesThe Industrial Revolution Latin America in The Nineteenth Century ââ€"  Only Japan underwent a major industrial transformation during the Nineteenth Century. ââ€"  India, Egypt, Ottoman Empire, China and Latin America experimented in modern industry. ââ€"  They were nowhere near the kind of major social transformation that had taken place in Britain, Europe, North America and Japan. ââ€"  The profound impact of European and North American industrialization was hard to avoid. After Independence in Latin America

The Trials of Immigration in America Essay - 1710 Words

America is a very proud country full of spirit and determination. I would dare say we have more pride in our country than people from most any other country in the world. The problem is there are people in other countries that try to corrupt and pollute our way of life. We call these people terrorists, but recently we have found out that these people are really immigrants. This country was founded and populated through immigration. What kind of terror can some simple immigrants cause? That is a great question, but when I bring up the words Mafia, Terror attacks, and Drug Cartels people finally wake up and start to take notice. America needs to take an isolationist stance with the rest of the world. In doing this we will show†¦show more content†¦These lazy methods of customs and government officials led America to have to suffer gangs, criminal violence, smuggling, and Mob warfare on their peaceful streets. From 1900 till the 1980’s you had Murder Inc., John Dillinger, Bugs Moran, Al Capone, John Gotti, and many other men that have made a mockery of our way of life. Some of the worst horrors this country has seen is due to relaxed immigration stances. The Spanish Flu epidemic, The Saint Valentine’s Day Massacre, and the two different attacks on the Twin Towers all created by undocumented immigrants. Nowadays we have illegal drug trades, human trafficking, and weapons smuggling to go along with our random terror attacks. I believe that this is a direct relation to the lack of effort done by our government. It started in 1980 with the Mariel Boat lift when President Jimmy Carter allowed hundreds of thousands of Cuban criminals, and mental patients into our boarders to show Cuba that we could be friends (Cuba, 2007). That led to the worst drug and criminal spree that Florida and Georgia had ever seen and inspired the movie Scarface. When President Carter ended his term, Ronald Regan took office and gave amnesty to thousands of Mexican immigrants that would continue to affect our country’s economy for decades to come. Streets from Texas to California would be littered with illegal Mexican immigrants looking for day laborShow MoreRelatedIs It A Land Made By Immigrants?1470 Words   |  6 PagesProfessor Jennifer Stewart ENGL 1213 16 April 2017 This is a land made by Immigrants! As a multicultural nation that is the United States or America. I for one embrace the multitude of coming immigrants because I myself is an American citizen, born from immigrants. Although, this nation I live in, some have a say so. I’m taking a stance with pro-immigration with an event that unfolds daily in our lives as Americans and immigrants. Why I say it like that is cause, social and economic events betweenRead MoreEssay Comprehension of Prisoners Without Trial1157 Words   |  5 PagesComprehension of Prisoners without Trial Roger Daniels’ book Prisoners without Trial is another book that describes the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II. This piece discusses about the background that led up to the internment, the internment itself, and what happened afterwards. The internment and relocation of Japanese-Americans during World War II was an injustice prompted by political and racial motivations. The author’s purpose of this volume is to discuss the story inRead MoreEssay about Legal Tension, Social Issues, and the OJ Simpson Trial784 Words   |  4 Pagesand her friend and alleged lover, Ronald Goldman (Neuendorf, 2000). The O.J. Simpson trial, as it became known, opened on January 24, 1995 and concluded October 3 the same year. Over the span of the trial, the prosecution team presented 72 witnesses including friends and family of Nicole, friends of O.J., and a 9-1-1 dispatcher. Given the trial’s notable and well-known defendant, those involved in the trial gained lifetime fame. To this day I can still recall the names Judge Lance Ito, Marcia ClarkRead MoreAmericas Political and Social Attitudes During the 1920s Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the 1920s America is the most powerful country in the world and prides itself in being a melting pot of different cultures but has that always been true of America. I would like to argue that during the 1920s America became less tolerant of anything Un-American. I would like to mention immigration policy, the Ku Klux Klan, political hysteria and Religious intolerance. Before 1917 America had an open door policy toward immigration but thousands of immigrantsRead MoreChapter 31 Essential Questions Essay1072 Words   |  5 PagesHow and why did America turn toward domestic isolation and social conservatism in the 1920s? Americans turned toward domestic isolation and social conservatism in the 1920s because of the red scare. Many people used the red scare to break the backs of all struggling unions. Isolationist Americans had did not have a lot of hope in the 1920s. There began to be a large amount of immigrants flowing into the US. During 1920-1921, over 800,000 immigrants had come. This type of immigration was known as theRead MoreEssay On Controlling The Immigration Rate846 Words   |  4 PagesControlling the Immigration Rate Arbitrarily If America is the â€Å"land of the free† and the â€Å"home of the brave† then why have we turned to imprisonment and cowardliness? Our beliefs has transformed into a filtering system relied on the judgement of one’s background and the color of one’s skin. Many argue that we should not give immigrants the right to join our country because they do not belong here, and many others are trying to force the immigrants out who have already been a part of our nation forRead MoreThe 1920 S1718 Words   |  7 Pagesvery conservative or liberal, but it can go either way. Although the 1920’s are conservative because of economic reasons involving immigration, the 1920’s are liberally revolutionary because of cultural changes with women and religious changes from the Scopes Trial. Granted, the 1920’s were majorly conservative in their economics by being constructive on immigration policies. Nativism still existed because people were still scared that their jobs would be taken away by immigrants, which were foundRead MoreThe United State Of New York Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesduring the late 1800’s, and early 1900’s. The length of the sentence for a crime mainly depended on societal changes that occur at the time, but immigration, education, and economic status also played a smaller role in the sentence of the suspect. During the late 1800’s and the start of the 1900’s the way in which the criminal justice system in America punished those charged with larceny changed tremendously due to societal changes, and the prevalence of the crime in the state of New York (GilfoyleRead MoreSocial and Racial Tension in 1920s America Essay1704 Words   |  7 Pagesthroughout America and affected the innocent children also. The Ku Klux Klan’s revival after the wartime period may be the best evidence in that America’s intolerance towards minorities has indeed erupted in the 1920s. Starting back in the Civil war days, the KKK was an organization in which believed in their political ideology of a White America or a White nationalism. In Document F, in a certain context of The North American Review, March 1926 shows the similar ideas of keeping America as a WhiteRead MoreIllegal Immigration Speech Essay765 Words   |  4 Pagesthere have always been so many controversies about illegal immigration Today, I would like to inform you about the serious problems illegal immigration could cause. First, by giving you all the facts, and by explaining how illegal immigration, if continued, will affect our lives. Transition: I’ll start by telling you about some illegal immigration facts and its history. Body 1 Americans have always been realistic about illegal immigration, but if it continues at the rate it is, we will be in trouble

Avoiding Black Holes Pilot Gateways

Question: Describe about the Avoiding Black Holes from Pilot Gateways. Answer: Black hole Illusion impact on aviation safety. The black holes illusion happens on night with the no moonlight or stars over unlighted terrain or water. At runways those are lightened but horizon is not visible, black-hole illusion happen. Black-hole illation is legendary in pilots community because it is generally avoidable and rare. Because majority pilots of general aviation not flown in black illusion conditions because of the it is rare. Conditions those cause it are often transients it can be avoidable. Its like they say about the weather in New Hampshire.[ Airbus Customer Services, 2005] In black hole illusion there is absolutely no visual reference to judge where they are. It results because of absence of visual reference or alteration of the visual reference, which will modify perception of pilot about their position (in the terms of distance, incept angle, height) relative to runways threshold. Black hole illusion affects the situational awareness of flight crew, particularly during final approach. Black hole illusion usually induces crew input that causes the aircraft to deviate from horizontal flight path or vertical flight path. Black hole illusion affect the decisions process of how rapidly and when to descend from minimum descent height or altitude. Discuss different variable that may affect the onset and strength of the Black hole illusion during landing. Black hole is when flying into an airport at night that has little surrounding features to help guide pilot to touchdown. For the pilots having less experience, this means that theres nothing around the airport to judge distance and height to the runway. Pilots dont even realize how much they use visual cues to judge approach that until they are gone. Factors affect the strength of black hole during landing are-:[ Schiff B.] Depth /Shape/Size Constancy: Runways that appear to be long and narrow produce a feeling to be too steep on the retinal image shape and size. Normally long and narrow runways are seen when a pilot is far and high from a runways. The ability of a pilot to use perceptual constancy as a cue is greatly reduced because it is difficult to relate the 2D retinal image to a 3D object due to lack of ambient vision cues. Lack of Familiar/Relative Size: Featureless terrain lacks both global and local objects for retinal size comparison removing the ability to confirm accurate retinal size. Over-estimate Visual Angles in the Medial Extent: Prior knowledge of a long runway conflicts with apparently smaller visual angle in medial extent. The result is an over-estimation of medial visual angles based on retinal image combined with the knowledge of its actual length in depth. Consequently bias to perceive the runway image as longer than it actual is furthest promotes the appearance of it relative to the size/shape/ depth constancy and contributes to an error. Lack of the terrains orientation Cues: Lack of the global and local objects or terrains features fail for produces perception of runway like surface plane on ground. That lack of the orientation allows runway to float by making it a difficult for determine approaching height of aircraft above ground, distance to runway, and proper perception of depth. Finally, terrain orientation is vital for the perception of the array of adjoining surfaces Lack of distance cues Related with previously mentioned hypothesis, in the absence of distance cues the depth/shape/size constancy of runway cant be properly perceive. Optical slant versus geographical slat Geographic slants, slop of terrain, involve both optical slants and perception of angular position or height. Since distance, depth and orientation cues are absent, geographic slant cannot be perceived resulting in optical slant as the sole remaining cue to actual slant. Optical slant however is based on line- of sight relative to the surface and the surface is not available during a black hole approach: thud, optical slant is not an adequate cue. Approach lighting systems Approach lighting system was developed to extend the runway environment towards the pilot during the transition from instrument to visual conditions in low visibility environments. Acquiring the runway image and flying a night visual approach to landing using the approach lighting system in good visibility at night however may perceptually increase the apparent runway ratio, causing the runway to appear narrower. Thus, further promoting the feeling a steep PAD and may result in initiation of excessive descent enrooted to a dangerously enrooted a dangerously shallow approach. Equidistance tendency This equidistance tendency occurs when objects appearing together are perceived at the same distance when other visuals cues are absent. For slanted in depth objects, the equidistance favors the foreshortened, frontal plane resulting in a perception of the slant over the estimation. That explanation relates the lack of distance cue and familiar the relative size cue.[ Dale Wilson, 2004] Illustrate your answer with reference to an accident or incident caused by the Black Hole illusion during landing On 22 January 2005, instrument rated [Beechcraft Bonaza pilot with his passengers] were killed due to crash on their final approach in Brownwood, Texas at the Brownwood Regional Airport due to night condition. At 6:42 morning on Runway 35 during entering into airport Bonaza hits trees and power line. Airplane was about at 3 mile oath and 500 feet from airport and heading north noticed by a witness that was present at there. According to one more witness sky was clear but there was no light and surrounding was dark and wind was calm at that time. At time of accident weather conditions was sky clear, 57 degree F temperature, wind 360 at 9 knot,45 deg. F dew point and 10 statutes mile visibility. Witnesses of the accident said that it was dark, sky was clear and the winds were calm. Investigator investigated that airport was visible clearly at up to height of 40 feet, but airplane was at 150 - 200 feet from ground. Because of lack of sloping terrain and lighting, pilot experience a sensation known as black hole because of no visual horizons. The NTSB described reason of accident was failure of pilot to properly maintain clearance and altitude during final approach. By contributing factor included pilot lack of the visuals approach, the lighting condition, and lack of the familiarity with airport, glide slope indications and the spatial disorientation. References Dale Wilson, 2004 Avoiding Black Holes, Pilot Getaways, Visited 13 Sep 2016, Available: https://pilotgetaways.com/mag/fal04/black-holes Airbus Customer Services, 2005, Flight operations Briefing Notes, Blangac Codex, France, Visited 13 Sep 2016, Available: https://www.airbus.com/fileadmin/media_gallery/files/safety_library_items/AirbusSafetyLib_-FLT_OPS-HUM_PER-SEQ11.pdf Schiff B., Black Hole Approach, Smartcockpit, Version 01, Visited 13 Sep 2016, Available: https://www.smartcockpit.com/docs/The_Black_Hole_Approach.pdf

Native American Tribes Project free essay sample

Similarities between both tribes A. Both tribes at first were called Seminole and were part of Creek Nation ND both primarily spoke in Microscope B. They are both related by their culture but far from similar in their political views. C. In 1813-1814 Seminole in Alabama fought back against the whites (Euro-Americans) and other Creek nations siding with the whites which started the Creek War and lead survivors into Florida and migrating westward into what is now known as Oklahoma 1. 832 the Panes Landing treaty was signed to allow Seminole to build a reservation in Oklahoma along with compensation for each tribal member a) 10,OHO/Month D. In 1 830 is when the Trails of Tears was derived following the Indian Removal Act 1 . The Seminole where then forced to migrate west of the Mississippi river even after the Panes Landing treaty was signed. E. Between 1813-1858 there were 3 wars that were resulted from the Creek War because the Seminole crossed over there land and tried to fight back to avoid White Control 1 . We will write a custom essay sample on Native American Tribes Project or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These were known as the First Seminole war, Second Seminole war, and the Third Seminole war, they were then forced to surrender after the third war and were forced back into the Indian territories. F. By 1913 there were 18 reservations in Florida, but the Indians in Arid eve split up into 2 different tribes focusing on their political and cultural views. 1 . One is known as the Seminole Tribe of Florida, which are based off of more traditional views, and the other is known as the Microscope Tribe of Indians in Florida, which has sustained the Seminole culture and language. . These two tribes where built for those who refused to sign a treaty to live on Indian Territory west of the Mississippi river. G. Both tribes are currently still living under the Macomb Truce which means they are just settling in an area until they can come to an agreement with the IIS II. Seminole Tribe of Florida A. The name Seminole means runaway or wild men B. Seminole are considered the Upper Creeks C. They diverse themselves between 2 different languages: Muskeg (Creek) and Microscope 1.Like I said above In South Florida most Seminole speak Microscope D. In 1 957 the Seminole government was established to deal with the business matters regarding the tribal finances and control of the members 1. The same year is when the Seminole constitution was created E. There are 3 requirements to becoming a tribal member . The first requirement is that you have to be at least 1/4 of Seminole bloodline 2. The second is that be from a single generation of a tribal member, meaning you cant have multiple clans (family). . Last is you must be sponsored by a current tribal member and be voted in by the tribal council IV. Microscope Tribe of Indians in Florida A. Microscope Indians are known as the Lower Creeks B. They separated themselves to concentrate more on the Indian tradition. 1. Art work, Clothing and Jewelry C. While they were forced to migrate west, about 500 people hid in the everglades and later became what we know now as Microscope Indians 1 . To them the everglades is known as the River of Grass 2. Because they have resided so long in the everglades they call to it their homeland and refer to it as Kathleen it means the light of the grassy waters D. There are currently 4 different Microscope reservations in the state of Florida: Tamaki Trail, Alligator Alley, Groom Eve, and US 41. 1. The biggest reservation is the one on Groom Eve E. Microscope requirements are almost similar to that of Seminole but the bloodline amounts are slightly different.

Media Interpretation of Harry Potter and Sexuality

Media interpretation of Harry Potter fantasy novels differs greatly from Joanne Rowling’s books. One of the most noticeable issues is sexuality. Those people, who have read these novels, know that this topic is not at the main focus, while the movie producers as well as actors clearly explore sexuality to appeal to the viewers. In part, it can be explained by their desire to attract a larger audience.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Media Interpretation of Harry Potter and Sexuality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are several examples that show how film-makers capitalize on sex and gender roles. First, one should mention that official trailer of the last sequel features Ginny Weasley (played by Bonnie Wright) and Harry Potter (Daniel Radcliffe) kissing one another. More importantly Ginny is portrayed as a mature woman rather than as a teenage girl. This portrayal is supposed to create an ap peal to adolescents or adults, rather than children. It should be noted that this scene take only several seconds, but it eloquently shows that the creators of this film did not overlook people’s desire for intimacy and sex. This is one of the details catches the eye of the viewers, especially those ones, who are aged above fifteen. Another example of sexuality is portrayal of Hogwarts students. Joanne Rowling continuously mentions that her characters wear robes which conceal figure of a person. These clothes are gender-neutral, and they can be equally suitable for men and women. However, the directors of Harry Potter do not agree with Rowling’s perception of Hogwarts students. This argument is particularly important when we are speaking about female characters like Hermione or Ginny. The movie producers make them wear tight jeans, sweaters, low-necked dresses, and so forth. This change proves that desexualized novel was not suitable for the needs of mass media. This t rend emerged in the third sequel Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban and continued in later films. Thus, it is possible to argue that this emphasis on sexuality is an attempt to attract adults’ attention to these movies. Certainly, this change may not be noticeable to children, but an experienced viewer can see this difference very clearly.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition to that, there are several sexual innuendos in these films; the most notorious one is the scene featuring Harry and Hermione kissing one another in nude. Certainly, it is very blurred and viewers can hardly see the actors but it is a clear reference to sexual desires of adult audience. It should be mentioned that many parents feel very concerned about this scene because it is not appropriate for a children film, and it was not present in the book (Wall, unpaged). This erot ic scene clearly violates those standards which are normally set for children movies. Again, one can hardly imagine Joanne Rowling including such a description in her novel. In the majority of cases, mass media always aim to serve popular demand, and this Harry Potter film was not an exception. It should be borne in mind that those people, who take interest in Joanne Rowling’s novels, are normally aged between seven and fifteen, while this film series, especially later sequels, are intended for a much wider audience. This is the main reason why sexuality plays more prominent part in them. The key issue is that this change is driven mostly by commercial rather than artistic considerations. There are some other sexual innuendos in this film serious. One of the examples is Bellatrix Lestrange played by Helena Bonham Carter. Some scholars and critics believe that this female character is full of desire for Voldemort (Rana, 86). Her portrayal in the film is even more sexual, and t o some extent, she symbolizes female submission to male. This meaning was not implied by Joanne Rowling in her books. Apart from that, it should be pointed out that in the fifth film of the series Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix, she urged Harry to use force against her. Again, if one tries to look for sexual innuendos, this scene can signify male domination over women. Thus, one can argue that media interpretation of Harry Potter books places much more stress on sexuality than the author does. This explicit sexuality is intended primarily to male rather than female adults who may take interest in this film. It has to be admitted that some of the sexual innuendos can be unintended but they would have been impossible if the film-makers had wanted to appeal only to children.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Media Interpretation of Harry Potter and Sexuality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Certainly, one cannot expect screen adaptation of the novel cannot completely coincide with the text. However, the examples that we have discussed demonstrate that desexualized portrayal of characters was rejected by movie producers and mass media. One should take into account that Joanne Rowling conceived this book series as a Bildungsroman describing psychological and moral development of the characters. In contrast, film-makers decided to pay more attention to sexuality. Moreover, one should take into consideration that the actors playing the major characters have become mature and film-producers take advantage of this fact. Their sexuality is explored both inside and outside the movies. One may pay attention to the interviews given by Daniel Redcliff, Emma Watson, and Rupert Grint. These people no longer appear to be children or adolescents; more likely, they seem to be sexually mature people, who should not be associated only with fictional characters. A person, who is watching their pre -release interviews, does not think that the final movie of the sequel is intended for child audience. These interviews convey specific messages to the potential viewers and one of them is that Harry Potter and the Death Hallows will be of some interest to adults. If we speak about the actor’s reliance on the sexuality, we should mention their participation in various commercial projects. For instance, Emma Watson represented such fashion house as Burberry and, in fact, became the face of their new collection (Topping, unpaged). Moreover, she appeared on the cover of such magazines as Vanity Fair, Cosmopolitan, and People. In each of these cases, sexuality was at the forefront. The same thing can be said about Daniel Radcliffe, who exploited his sexuality while performing in the play called Equus (Wiegand, unpaged). Those movie producers, designers, and advertisers, who make these actors exploit their sexuality, understand that these actors are familiar to a great number of p eople from all over the world, and that their overt hyper- sexuality can attract very large target audience, especially those people, whose age ranges between fifteen and twenty two. The thing is that during these years people pass through a period of pubescence and sexuality is a very important part of their lives.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These cases suggest that eroticism can be used to engage the viewers. This is one of the possible explanations but it is not the only one. One should not assume that their performance outside Harry Potter is only driven by commercial interests. In this way, they try to prove to others and to themselves that they are able to play mature and rather complex roles. To some degree, Daniel Radcliffe and Emma Watson attempt to demonstrate that they can be successful actors outside Harry Potter film series. By exploiting their sexuality, they break stereotype that links them only on Harry Potter and Hermione Granger. This can be one of the motives which underlie their behavior. Overall, people focus their attention on the overt sexuality of these actors because they are accustomed to their idealized and slightly childish characters. Viewers are not used to their new roles and this might be one of the reasons why many people can be so concerned about their behavior. On the whole, these examp les indicate that media representation of Harry Potter books strongly relies on sexuality. As it has been identified in the previous sections there are several reasons for such an interpretation. First of all, film-makers want to make Harry Potter film series more attractive to adult audience. Secondly, overt sexuality can be accounted by the fact that majority of actors have grown much older, and they try to break out of child roles. The most important thing is that this film series is not fully suitable for child audience. By comparing and contrasting screen adaptation of the novels and the text itself one can see how mass media transforms popular perception of adolescence and sexuality. Works Cited Rana Marion. Creating magical worlds: otherness and othering in Harry Potter. NY: Peter Lang, 2009. Print. Topping. A. â€Å"Emma Watson is named Hollywood’s highest paid female actor†. The Guardian, 2010. Web. Wall Cleon. â€Å"’Potter’ scene is worrying s ome families†. Deseret News. 2010. Web. Wiegand Chris. â€Å"Radcliffe to star on Broadway†. The Guardian 2009. Web. Yates David. â€Å"The Official Trailer of Harry Potter and Deathly Hallows Part Two† Warner Bros. Pictures. Web. This research paper on Media Interpretation of Harry Potter and Sexuality was written and submitted by user Viviana Hess to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Conjugal Visits in Prison Sociology Essay

Conjugal Visits in Prison Sociology Essay Conjugal Visits in Prison Sociology Essay Example Conjugal Visits in Prison Sociology Essay Example Prisons and other correctional bodies perform essential social functions. It is not enough to prove the guilt of a criminal. He or she has to be punished and pass a long way of becoming a law-abiding and socialized citizen. Prisons should create all favorable physical and psychological conditions for this process. One of the factors facilitating imprisonment and decreasing the aggressive behavior of criminals is their spouses’ support. The way criminals can meet their husbands and wives is determined by the legislation of the U.S. states. There is a great discussion about whether the incarcerated should have a chance to enjoy spending some time with their partners. Such dates make their staying in prison more comfortable and thus contribute to quicker socialization afterwards. It is believed that conjugal visits in prison, in case of being properly administrated, greatly contribute to the improvement of the criminals’ psychological state and reduce the number of re-inca rcerations. Defining a â€Å"Conjugal Visit† Conjugal visits help prisoners preserve connection with their beloved partners. England (n.d.) states that those prisoners who have close family ties are more likely to reenter society and return to their normal lifestyle quicker. The role of prisoners’ communication with their wives or husbands and children has always been discussed by the psychologists. Their ideas gave birth to the notion of an â€Å"extended family visit† (England, n.d., para. 3), during which a criminal has a chance to see any of his family members. Later there appeared a narrowed version of these meetings, named a â€Å"conjugal visit†, defined as â€Å"private time that a prisoner may spend with a spouse or, in California, a registered domestic partner† (England, n.d., para 3). This visit usually means having an intimate contact with a spouse. Thus, the necessity and positive influence of the conjugal visits on prisoners was initially recognized by psychologists and prison wardens. The U.S. Sates Allowing and not Allowing Conjugal Visits In spite of a generally recognized positive influence of conjugal visits in prison, there are still some disparities as to whether they should be commonly allowed for all prisoners. â€Å"Currently only five states (Mississippi, New York, California, Washington and New Mexico) allow private conjugal visitations for inmates and their spouses† (Hensley, Rutland, Gray-Ray, 2002, p. 143). These states take part in extended family visitation programs that allow congeal visits. However, England (n.d.) writes that the number of states where private visits are allowed has recently grown, and nowadays Connecticut also officially recognizes inmates’ privilege of conjugal visits. Moreover, California is the only state that allows same sex domestic partner visits. It follows the example of such counties as Canada, Belgium, Mexico and Brazil, where homosexual private visits of home registered partners are allowed. The USA tries to control conjugal visits in prison by means of legis lation. The growing number of states allowing such visits officially proves that heir positive psychological impact on the inmates is recognized. Specific Regulations of Conjugal Visits As it was mentioned in the introductory part of this research paper, conjugal visits become an effective element of the correctional process provided that they are properly administered. A state allowing these visits for its prisoners should control them with the help of prisons’ administrations and the wardens. Conjugal visits may last from one to three hours in a separate accommodation, which is specially equipped by a shower cabin, towels, soap and other things a couple may need. The crime committed by the prisoner and his or her moral state should be examined before giving him or her a chance to meet a family member or have an intimate contact with the spouse: â€Å"the criteria include a careful review of the inmate’s record to establish his or her inclination toward violence† (Hensley et al., 2002, p.149). If an individual was imprisoned for committing a murder or rape, an extensive psychiatric expertise is needed to approve his or her participation in the program and the frequency of the visits allowed. There exist different intervals between conjugal visits allowed for prisoners with a different level of custody. Thus, the minimal custody allows a prisoner to have these dates every forty-five days, and the maximal punishment extends this period to eighty-five days (Hensley et al., 2002). On these conditions a prisoner will feel that he or she is allowed to see his or her beloved but can have only rare meetings because of a violent crime he or she had committed. Thus, this fact will become a correctional instrument and makes the criminal think more about the disadvantages of being socially dangerous. Apart from the mentioned psychological analysis, there is a rule of having a physical medical examination in order to monitor how the discussed private visits influence the state of health of both partners. Prisoners are also required to make a urinalysis straight after the conjugal visit to determine whether some drug or substance use took place (Hensley et al., 2002). If the results are positive, then the conjugal visits of such an inmate may be denied. England (n.d.) mentions that visitors should also observe certain rules. Their background is checked before letting them visit their relative in prison. They should wear appropriate clothing and not interfere with a physical search for weapons and drug substances. If a child wants to visit his or her parent, then they should meet in the territory of the facility that children are allowed to enter. Some prisons even determine which food products and presents their inmates can get. Cell phones and electronic devices are not allowed (E ngland, n.d.). All these measures are taken for the sake of the participants’ security. Therefore, the regulation of conjugal visits in the USA is not limited to the legislation of the states allowing or prohibiting them, but is also restricted by the mentioned rules. Conjugal Visits Solving Prison Sex Issues Each prisoner should be considered by the administrators and wardens of the prison as individuality, first of all, and then, judging by the severity of a committed crime it is possible to determine the value of each incarcerated person. Thus, all prisoners are common people with their normal primary physical necessities, which include food and sex. However, the problem of prison sex is complicated, and it is discussed by psychologists in the context of why prisoners use sex not as their primary necessity but for other purposes: â€Å"In prison, sex is valued because it is highly desired and forbidden. Therefore, prisoners use sex as a commodity to gain access to items they would not have access to otherwise† (Smith, 2006, p. 17). These items many include cigarettes or candies. Thus, due to prisoners’ low moral values sex loses its meaning of being intimate contact with a beloved person. The forms of sexual abuse most commonly practiced in prison include raping and homos exual contacts (Smith, 2006). Private conjugal visits can definitely reduce the first named form and return the meaning of family sex based on love and unity. Moreover, the statistical data in Mississippi, where the extended family visitation program is applied, demonstrates that â€Å"59 per cent of the nonparticipants of the program felt that conjugal visits did reduce homosexual behavior. Seventy-four per cent of participants in the program felt that conjugal visits did reduce homosexual behavior in prison† (Hensley et al., 2002, p. 153). Therefore, conjugal visits assist in solving both individual sexual problems of prisoners and general issues related to prison sex in the USA. A separate aspect of the discussed problem is the education of the prison staff members and administration in the respect to conjugal visits. The necessity of wardens and senior officers being educated in this aspect is confirmed by the polls performed among workers. More than a half of the prison administrators did not believe that the discussed visits of criminals’ spouses could decrease homosexual relationships and sexual violence in prisons. â€Å"In contrast, many inmates – particularly those participating in the program – feel that it [a conjugal visit] does increase a family stability and reduce homosexual behavior and violence† (Hensley et al., 2002, p. 149). The answers of inmates are predictable, but prison wardens should study the effect of conjugal visits more to comprehend their positive influence on prisoners. Therefore, conjugal dates in prison can promote mutual respect between inmates and wardens as these visits are an element of a favorab le psychological atmosphere that should be created. Drawbacks of Conjugal Visits Though this paper explicitly advocates for conjugal visits in prison, it has also discovered some negative sides of the issue in order to understand the concept better. Hensley et al. (2002) have enumerated the most common arguments of the opponents of conjugal visits. Primarily, these dates can generate negative attitudes of those prisoners who are not allowed to see their spouses to the participants of the program. Secondly, prisons that allow conjugal visits may have more problems with drugs and contraband. One more reason that may hinder the approval of conjugal visits in some states is negative public attitude to the issue. Some scholars are convinced that the USA citizens will never accept conjugal visits as a common practice (Hensley et al., 2002). The most essential problem related to conjugal visitation programs is the spread of HIV/AIDS. This issue may provoke additional lawsuits for correctional bodies (Hensley et al., 2002). One more argument, mentioned by Hensley et al. (2002), is the insufficient statistical data that is not capable of confirming the positive influence of the conjugal visitation program in numbers. In addition, conjugal visits may arise some serious issues. At the same time Hensley et al. (2002) are convinced that all these problems may be solved by taking serious precautious measures and devoting more time to analyzing psychological state of the most problematic inmates. In order to demonstrate the current confrontation between the supporters of conjugal visits and their opponents, it is worth considering the article by The Associated Press (2015). In the article, it is said that Christopher Epps, a former chief of the U.S. Department of Corrections, strictly limited the practice of conjugal visits for Mississippi. From that time on only a federal magistrate judge decided whether an inmate from Mississippi was allowed to have an intimate date. â€Å"Epps said he believed the visits helped keep families together and reduced sexual assault among prisoners. But Epps said with the focus on trimming prison expenses, the benefits did not outweigh the costs† (The Associated Press, 2015, para. 6). Epps was resigned in 2013 because of a corruption charge. When the majority of Mississippi prisons allowed conjugal visits, their staff provided inmates and their spouses with separate rooms and all sanitary-hygienic means they needed. Therefore, the dates were properly organized and some financial means were spent on them. Epps considers material difficulties that prisons have related to conjugal visits. In his opinion, these expenses can be a sufficient argument for a complete prohibition of conjugal dates. However, in such a case the issue reaches the level of state financing. If the laws allow some states to have the conjugal visits in prison, it means that these states should provide proper financing of these dates. Allowing the inmates to have intimate contacts with their spouses is implemented not with the unique purpose of satisfying their physical needs. The prisoners are given a chance to feel the atmosphere of a home and family. Therefore, conjugal visits will reach one of their main aims – stabilizing the psychological state of the incarcerated. Therefore, Mississippi is not consistent in its policy related to conjugal visits in prison due to some financial difficulties associated with their orga nization. It is easy to prohibit such dates, but it is more complicated to fight for conjugal visits for the sake of the discussed purposes. Human rights organizations together with the correction leaders should cooperate in solving the issue. Taking everything into consideration, it is important to state that the conjugal visitation program in prisons is a widely discussed topic that has its opponents and supporters. Both parties definitely agree that in case a prison has a system of these visits, it should strictly regulate them by the legislation. Supporting family ties, solving prison sex issues and being a productive instrument of a positive influence on the psychological state of the inmates with the purpose of the further crime reduction are unconditional benefits of the discussed private dates. Creating all conditions for releasing a psychologically healthy individual is the main aim of the correctional bodies.

BP Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

BP - Case Study Example Marketing ethics is the moral principles that guide operations and regulations of marketing practices (Hill and Ryan 50)Â  . Social responsibility suggests that organization or individual’s actions should benefit the society. Ethical marketing and social responsibility are main concern in this case, for example, BP Company does not hold its ethical marketing conduct and social responsibility. This is evidenced when the company’s social and ethical conduct is coincides with its promise to remain responsible environmental steward. The company is faced by numerous cases of environmental negligence and it also disregards the safety of its employees. In a bid to repair its image after violation of many environment acts, BP Company tried to launch new products that could provide alternatives to oil use and solve the environmental problems that were characterized by the petroleum business. The company launched solar, bio-fuels, carbon sequestration and storage. The company also foresaw the implementation of other energy saving measures. The launch of all these new products were aimed at providing solutions to ever increasing challenges of BP. Unfortunately, the launch of new products failed to solve the company’s woes as the company faced more environmental problems, explosions, and safety issues. BP Company had sustainability challenges since it could not maintain its policies. The company promised to be environmental conscious but ended up having many environmental violations. It introduced new products to tame the many ethical challenges it was facing and repair its tattered reputation, unfortunately, more ethical concerns and environmental violations were reported. BP Company could not implement sustainable environmental and ethical conduct to avert the challenges it was facing (Thiele 55). Corporate branding is the process of promoting a corporate entity’s brand name rather than